Husband and I were just talking about this - no one in our house has had it despite being in an area / our kids being in school with people who take zero precautions, contacts that have gotten it repeatedly, etc. I wonder if we had some immune protection having school age kids (ie our immune system being primed to fight it after years of being exposed to every respiratory virus going around the schools).

Yes, look up papers on "viral load" for correlations between concentration of exposure and severity of infection.

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> how they contracted the virus

I've read some articles which suggest a minimal or passing exposure tends to result in a less severe COVID infection and heavy exposure (e.g. a car ride) is correlated with more severe cases.

IIs there a definitive study on that? Just curious if you've read anything with good numbers.

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It’s interesting that it correlates almost 1:1, but having EBV is so common that it almost means nothing. Unless the ten percent of people that never had it also never get Parkinson’s 100% of the time. Wild if that’s the case.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559285/#article-21268_s1

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Actually if I understand correctly scientists in the 1700's and 1800's understood ideas like "combining ratios" that were antecedents to modern chemistry. So, they'd know that 2 parts hydrogen 1 part oxygen was water, etc, long before they understood the structure of the atom (which was Rutherford in 190x).

The problem with your question is that there is no unambiguous way to define a "number of colours." Not only is there a visible spectrum with infinitely many distinct wavelengths, each in principle corresponding to a different colour, those wavelengths can be combined in infinitely many ways to form composite colours.

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This study of US Army Personnel was the groundbreaking link. It took 10m samples over 20 years, so a huge sample size. 955 army Personnel developed MS over the course of the study, of those 955, 954 had had EBV infections prior to developing MS.

So if you develop MS, there's a 99.9% chance you've had EBV, versus a 95% chance in the general population. They tested for other viruses, none stood out like EBV.

This is wrong. Many existing viruses affect the vascular system. For example, the influenza vaccine is one of the strongest interventions we have to prevent cardiovascular mortality.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23474244/#:~:text=A%20spectrum%20of%20cardiovascular%20complications,exacerbation%20of%20existing%20cardiovascular%20disease.

Vascular effects are also not the explanation of varied symptoms. Here's a short excerpt regarding colds and their symptoms.

>The symptoms of the common cold appear to result from release of cytokines and other mediators from infected nasal epithelial cells and from an influx of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Nasal washings of volunteers experimentally infected with rhinovirus showed a 100-fold increase in PMN concentration 1 to 2 days after inoculation.20 The influx of PMNs coincides with the onset of symptoms and correlates with a colored nasal discharge.21 A yellow or white nasal discharge may result from the higher number of PMNs, whereas the enzymatic activity of PMNs (due to myeloperoxidase and other enzymes) may cause a green nasal discharge.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152197/

Those are all the same ones that came out years ago, has there been any newer studies that can further the claim?

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There was a ton of guessing involved. One of the key guesses, which turned out to be correct, was that all the metals were elements. But people also guessed that "earths" were elements -- we now know they're oxides of the true elements.

Lavoisier made an influential list of elements, and some of them were wrong. He listed lime, magnesia, alumina, baryte, and silica as "earth" elements. He also missed some, like sodium, even though derived substances like lye and salt were well-known.

Lavoisier also guessed, based on analogies with known elements, that there were some elements that had not yet been isolated, like fluorine and chlorine. Interestingly, his reasoning was wrong. He thought that acids were produced by a nonmetal reacting with oxygen. Therefore, the existence of "muriatic acid" meant that there must be some "muriatic" element which combined with oxygen to produce this acid. In reality, muriatic acid did contain an unknown element (chlorine), but oxygen wasn't involved -- it's just HCl.

Most of Lavoisier's mistakes were resolved fairly soon. Davy isolated calcium, barium, and magnesium, which was fairly convincing evidence that the other "earths" were really compounds of unknown metals. (He also made chlorine, sodium, and potassium.)