If there was rotting material in there, maybe it would build up a bit. But, if it's open and going through a hill you'll probably get a decent amount of airflow through it.

Interesting!

Do u think any co2 from rotting material would get stuck in the tube or would it excape?

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If the tube is open: Sure. There is nothing that would stop it.

Edit: This thread transitioned from a purely hypothetical question to a safety question.

It's as accurate as saying that fingers remained. But the fingers are different. Yes, they are different; if anyone thought that I was saying otherwise, then... my goodness. Hopefully they speak up to voice that confusion!

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You’d be amazed at what you can bribe a monkey to do. One of the research groups we work with lets them watch TV to distract them. They are particularly fond of All My Children.

I haven't read the book, but I thought the connection between ulcers and stress is now considered outdated, and that the current theory lays most of the blame for ulcers on helicobacter infection?

Funny you should ask Deterioration of mitochondria leads to depression in older adults. Remember those little guys, the 'power houses' of the cell? The belief is that exercise increases mitochondrial function.

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Isolated people tend to ignore their health in general. Married couples will have a 2nd person who will encourage them to take care of themselves and get things checked.

https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/news/20191010/marriage-tied-to-longer-life-span-new-data-shows

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7452000/

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> Would the dark matter provide drag?

The way it was explained to me, dark matter only interacts via gravity, including on itself.

Do you have a source for the quote on bright light reducing apetite? I am very interested in the qualities of bright light but have not heard this claim before

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Resistive power dissipation is given by P = R * I^2 where R is resistance and I is current.

A transistor in an "off" state has a very high resistance but no current flow, so power dissipation is very low to zero.

A transistor in an "on" state--that is, fully on, has a lot of current flowing through it but very little resistance, so power dissipation is low.

A transistor in an intermediate state--the kind of state you'd use for modulating an analog signal--has significant resistance and significant current flow at the same time. That means they dissipate a significant amount of power, and they get hot.

For some things, like audio amplifiers, there's simply no way around this and you have to deal with it by using beefier transistors and providing cooling.

For a lot of applications, including stove burners, it's simpler and cheaper to use pulse width modulation or "bang-bang" controls.

(It could be argued that bang-bang control is just pulse width modulation with a really slow pulse frequency.)

Anyway, in engineering you'll see a lot of things where you wonder, "why don't they do X instead, it seems like it would be better?" In most cases (not all) the answer is that yes, it would be better to do X, but it would also be more expensive, and it wouldn't be enough better to justify the additional cost.

Someone already answered the part about physical activity so I'll tackle social isolation.

There's multiple factors at play:

1. Humans are social animals and require social bonds. Loneliness is meant to force you to socialize same as hunger is meant to force you to eat, thirst is meant to force you to drink water, and pain is meant to force you to tend to injuries.

2. This evolved because in prehistoric times being shunned by your tribe was more or less a death sentence. If you didn't have anyone looking out for you it was going to be very difficult to survive. Obviously the consequences for social isolation have gotten a lot less extreme modern times, but you're still at a disadvantage. If you have someone living with you you're less likely to die from things like slipping in the shower, having a medical emergency at home, choking on food, etc. You'll also have support if you become unable to take care of yourself.

3. Because of all this, being lonely is inherently stressful. Stress activates your fight or flight response. Chronic stress keeps that system active long term which results in chronic inflammation which results in a lot of bad health outcomes.